Russia under the Old Regime
Second Edition
ISBN 9780140247688 | 384 pages | 01 Jan 1997 | Penguin | 5.07 x 7.79in | 18 - AND UP
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Newly revised for this edition, Richard Pipes's highly acclaimed study analyses the evolution of the Russian state from the ninth century to the 1880s and its unique role in managing Russian society. The harsh geographical conditions and sheer size of the country prevented the creation of participatory government, and a 'patrimonial' state emerged in which Russia was transformed into a gigantic royal domain. Richard Pipes traces these developments and goes on to analyse the political behaviour of the principal social groupings - peasantry, nobility, middle-class and clergy - and their failure to stand up to the increasing absolutism of the tsar. In order to strengthen his powers legal and institutional bases were set up that led to the creation of a bureaucratic police state under the Communists. Foreword Chapter 1: The Environment and its Consequences
2. The influence of Russia's northern location on her economy:
3. Influence on population movement
4. Influence on social organization:
5. Influence on political organization: Part I: The State
Chapter 2: The Genesis of the Patrimonial State in Russia
2. The Norman (Kievan) state:
3. The dissolution of the Kievan state:
4. The appanage (patrimonial) principality of the north-east:
5. The problem of feudalism in appanage Russia:
6. Mongol conquest and domination: Chapter 3: The Triumph of Patrimonialism
2. The patrimonial principality:
3. The politicization of Moscow's patrimonial rulers:
4. The expansion of Moscow: Chapter 4: The Anatomy of the Patrimonial Regime
2. The service estate:
3. Commoners:
4. The administration: Duma, Sobor, bureaucracy
5. Mechanism of control and repression: Chapter 5: The Partial Dismantling of the Patrimonial State
2. The Military reforms of Peter I:
3. Construction of St. Petersburg
4. The idea of 'public good' and its implications
5. Creation of a political police under Peter I
6. Dvoriane emancipate themselves from service
7. The bureaucracy slips out of the crown's control
8. The dyarchic constitution of post-1762 Russia
Part II: Society
Chapter 6: The Peasantry
2. Social stratification:
3. The condition of Russian serfs
4. The effect of serfdom on the peasant psyche
5. Some traits of the peasant mentality
6. The political outlook of the muzhik
7. The Emancipation settlement of 1861:
8. The agrarian crisis at the turn of the century Chapter 7: Dvorianstvo
2. Impoverishment of dvoriane:
3. Serfdom as cause of dvorianstvo dependence on the crown
4. Absence of corporate institutions and spirit
5. Political ineffectiveness of this class
6. Political attitudes:
7. Catastrophic decline of dvoriane after 1861 Chapter 8: The Missing Bourgeoisie
2. The Muscovite monarchy monopolizes industry and trade:
3. Russian urban institutions:
4. The Muscovite merchant class:
5. Change in the government's attitude towards merchants in the late seventeenth and eighteenth century: Peter's policies
6. The policies of Catherine II:
7. New policy towards the cities
8. The merchant of imperial Russia
9. Economic and political inertia of Russian merchants
Chapter 9: The Church as Servant of the State
2. Orthodoxy and state: symphonia as the ideal
3. The Golden Age of the Russian Church (thirteenth-fifteenth centuries):
4. The church works out the autocratic and imperial ideology for Moscow's rulers
5. The Schism:
6. The subordination of church to state in the eighteenth century:
7. Growing isolation of church and clergy Part III: Intelligentsia Versus the State
Chapter 10: The Intelligentsia
2. The 'intelligentsia': origins and meaning of the term
3. Emergence of public opinion under Catherine II:
4. The generation of Idealists:
5. Social and institutional characteristics of the intelligentsia:
6. The Slavophile-Westerner controversy:
7. Crystallization of opinion in the 1860s
8. The new radicalism:
9. Conservatism:
10. The conflict between radicals, intellectuals, and writers: Chapter 11: Towards the Police State
2. Late and weak development of legality
3. Evolution of anti-subversive statutes:
4. Initial government reactions to revolutionary terror:
5. Failure of efforts at political reform
6. The 'Temporary' Law of 14 August 1881
7. Police interference in everyday Russian life
8. Exile and hard labour
9. Summary of police institutions in Russia of the early 1880s
10. Zubatov and portents of totalitarianism
11. Imperial Russia not an effective police state:
12. Police powers undermine the old regime
13. Concluding remarks
Notes |
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